(C) 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 120: 1713-1719, 2011″
“PURPOSE: To compare 3 infrared pupillometers under mesopic lighting conditions in refractive surgery candidates with moderate to high myopia
SETTING: Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University, Department of Ophthalmology, Frankfurt/Main. Germany.
METHODS: In this prospective 1-day study, pupils of refractive surgery candidates with moderate to high myopia were measured with
3 infrared pupillometers. the monocular Colvard (monocular pupillometer A), the monocular Pupil Scan II (monocular pupillometer LY294002 B), and the binocular Procyon P2000SA Mesopic lighting conditions were consistent with the International Organization for Standardization for phakic intraocular lenses and manufacturer instructions as follows: 3 cd/m(2) (both monocular pupillometers). 0 4 lux (binocular pupillometer mesopic low setting), and user defined (binocular pupillometer user setting). Pupil diameters were measured twice per pupillometer by 2 independent examiners.
RESULTS: The study included 40 subjects (80 eyes) The mean pupil diameters were similar except with the mesopic low setting of the binocular pupillometer, which measured pupil diameter approximately 1 2 mm smaller. There
was a high correlation between the 2 monocular pupillometers (0.83, P < 0001) The correlation between the monocular methods was stronger than that between the binocular user setting and either monocular method (monocular pupillometer A, r(2) = 0 665, P<.0001; monocular pupillometer selleck products B, r(2) = 0 594, P<0001) No statistically significant
difference was found between monocular pupillometer A. monocular pupillometer B, and the binocular pupillometer user setting
CONCLUSION: Both monocular pupillometers and the binocular pupillometer user setting measured pupil diameter under mesopic learn more conditions similarly in eyes with moderate to high myopia.”
“The laser-induced spalling effect has been recognized as a unique phenomenon for amorphous carbon (a-C) films during laser processing. In this work, the origin of spalling effect was investigated by ablating two different types of a-C film: hydrogenated a-C (a-C:H) and nonhydrogenated a-C with an Nd-yttrium aluminum garnet laser system. Comparisons of ablating results demonstrated that the spalling effect only occurred in a-C: H rather than nonhydrogenated a-C. Laser heating simulation indicated that the temperature distributions in both films after laser pulse are similar with a high temperature gradient in depth direction. Annealing test results, Raman spectra and nanoindentation show that with the increase in annealing temperature, a-C film transforms into grassy carbon directly, while a-C:H experiences two subprocess under heating: the hydrogen mobilization and rearrangement of C-C network at a relatively low temperature range resulting in a denser C-C network and raised film density; the graphitization at high temperature which would lower the film density.