\n\nResults: BLAST and maximum likelihood analyses identified 16 different cyclophilin subfamilies within the genomes of Cryptosporidium hominis, Toxoplasma gondii, Plasmodium falciparum, Theileria SNX-5422 nmr annulata, Theileria parva, and Babesia bovis. In addition to good statistical support from the phylogenetic analysis, these subfamilies are also confirmed by comparison of cyclophilin domain architecture. Within an individual genome, the number of different Cyp genes that could be deduced varies between

7-9 for Cryptosporidia and 14 for T. gondii. Many of the putative apicomplexan cyclophilins are predicted to be nuclear proteins, most of them presumably involved in RNA processing.\n\nConclusion: The genomes of apicomplexa harbor a cyclophilin repertoire that is at least as complex as that of most fungi. The identification of Cyp subfamilies that are specific for lower eukaryotes, apicomplexa, or even the genus Plasmodium is of particular interest since these subfamilies

are not present in host cells and might therefore represent attractive drug targets.”
“A modified protocol for Dalbergia sissoo genomic DNA isolation has been optimized based on a cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) method, described for other forest species. Leaves obtained from macro-propagated clones and mature trees of D. sissoo were tested. The method involves mortar grinding of tissue, a modified CTAB extraction buffer incorporating high salt concentrations, Z-DEVD-FMK manufacturer polyvinyl pyrrolidone and successive isoamyl alcohol-chloroform extractions with modified temperature conditions. The modification involved the use of doubled concentration of polyvinyl pyrrolidone (4% instead of 2%), increased incubation time with extraction buffer (40 min instead of 30 min), use of freshly prepared CTAB buffer and increased timing of washing of DNA pellet with wash buffer (45 min instead of 30 min). The yield was approximately

100 to 400 mu g DNA per 100 mg of leaf tissue. The genomic DNA obtained by this method was suitable to be used in RAPD and ISSR analysis. This extraction Ricolinostat method would allow the molecular analysis of DNA from different clones of D. sissoo.”
“P>1. Recent studies indicate that large-scale spatial processes can alter local community structuring mechanisms to determine local and regional assemblages of predators and their prey. In metacommunities, this may occur when the functional diversity represented in the regional predator species pool interacts with the rate of prey dispersal among local communities to affect prey species diversity and trait composition at multiple scales.\n\n2. Here, we test for effects of prey dispersal rate and spatially and temporally heterogeneous predation from functionally dissimilar predators on prey structure in pond mesocosm metacommunities.