The treatments resulted in the reorganization of cellulose fibers,

hence accessibility and reactivity. In this study, sodium hydroxide-urea solutions were applied to lyocell and viscose-knitted fabrics as finishing treatment to improve the accessibility and physical properties of textiles. Besides the mixtures, different concentrations of sole sodium hydroxide and sole urea treatment were applied. The different concentrations of urea, sodium hydroxide, and sodium hydroxide-urea mixtures were used with small increment to detect suitable concentrations and mixture ratios applied for fabrics modification. The results showed the effectiveness of applying the mixture solutions of alkali-urea particularly to CV-knitted fabrics for improving pilling behavior, whereas for CLY fabrics, the standard alkali solutions showed the best pilling performance. The utilization of urea and sodium Compound C hydroxide-urea mixture played an important role for regenerated-cellulosic fabrics where high alkali concentrations is not preferred to avoid fabric damages and where a mixture system could inhibit some of these aspects. (C) 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl

Polym Sci 115: 2865-2874, selleck chemical 2010″
“In the equine reproductive tract, little is known about mucin gene expression and the role of mucins in barrier function and host-cell interaction. The aims of the study DMH1 inhibitor were to identify equine orthologs of mammalian mucin genes using available equine sequence data, to profile expression of equine orthologous mucin genes in the endometrium using reverse transcriptase polymerase

chain reaction (RT-PCR), to determine spatial expression patterns of mucin genes using in situ hybridisation, and to confirm the presence of mucin gene products using Western blotting and equine-specific mucin antibodies during oestrus and dioestrus. While the mucin gene expression pattern in equine endometrium is similar to that of other mammals, several mucins appear to be uniquely expressed in this tissue (eqMUC3B, 7, 18, and 20) and one is hormonally regulated (eqMUC3B). (c) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.”
“Electrode effects can play an important role in ion-conducting polymers in which a space charge polarization of mobile internal ions prevails. The ions are shifted in an external field and they are attracted to the electrodes due to Coulomb forces caused by their own image charges. These image charges influence the static and dynamic charge distribution. This can be proved experimentally by measurements of the transient surface potential with the scanning Kelvin probe using polyethylene oxide doped with lithium perchlorate (PEO-LiClO(4)). Simulations performed with a three-dimensional hopping model coincide with the experimental results qualitatively. (C) 2010 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.