These data form the basis of further studies Selleck Selonsertib for developing new methods in drug discovery to decrease malaria transmission.”
“Lotus japonicus, a model legume, develops an efficient, nitrogen-fixing symbiosis with Mesorhizobium
loti that promotes plant growth. Lotus japonicus also forms functional nodules with Rhizobium sp. NGR234 and R. etli. Yet, in a plant defence-like reaction, nodules induced by R. etli quickly degenerate, thus limiting plant growth. In contrast, nodules containing NGR234 are long-lasting. It was found that NGR234 initiates nodule formation in a similar way to M. loti MAFF303099, but that the nodules which develop on eleven L. japonicus ecotypes are less efficient AZD8931 concentration in fixing nitrogen. Detailed examination of nodulation of L. japonicus cultivar MG-20 revealed that symbiosomes formed four weeks after inoculation by NGR234 are enlarged in comparison with MAFF303099 and contain multiple bacteroids. Nevertheless, nodules formed by NGR234 fix sufficient nitrogen to avoid rejection by the plant. With time, these nodules develop into fully efficient organs containing bacteroids tightly enclosed in symbiosome membranes, just like those formed by M. loti MAFF303099. This work demonstrates the usefulness of using the well-characterized micro-symbiont
NGR234 to study symbiotic signal exchange in the later stages of rhizobia-legume symbioses, especially given the large range of bacterial (NGR234) and plant (L. japonicus)
mutants that are available.”
“We examined the structure of the rat kinin B-2 receptor gene (KB(2)r) and encoding messenger RNA (mRNA) processing. Differently from the closely related mouse and rabbit genes that have three exons and two introns, the rat gene purportedly consists of four exons and three introns. There are two purported gene products; one of them contains an upstream similar to 180-bp open reading frame region (“”exon-X”") potentially expressed as a result of alternative processing. To examine the processing of rat KB(2)r mRNA, cDNA amplicons were generated using primer pairs directed towards 5′ or 3′ exon or intron flanking regions. Analyses of intron/exon primary cDNA amplicons showed that introns 1 to 3 are removed Combretastatin A4 mouse sequentially and that “”exon-X”" removal follows that of intron-3. No evidence was found for “”exon-X”" expression in polyadenylated (mature) mRNA of adult Wistar, Wistar Kyoto, spontaneously hypertensive or Sprague-Dawley rat tissues. Nor was “”exon-X”" detected in tissues subject to inflammatory stimulus expressing B-1 kinin receptor mRNA or in 1- to 21-day-old rat embryos or fetuses. The lack of evidence for the expression of “”exon-X”" in mature mRNA indicates that the structure of the rat gene is similar to that of the mouse, rabbit and human genes, all consisting of three exons and two introns.