We present a review of some recent developments influencing clinical practice.”
“Objective: To study the association between change in the body mass index (BMI) at different ages and the risk selleck inhibitor of a later total

hip replacement (THR) due to primary osteoarthritis (OA).

Design: A total of 265,725 individuals who had two repeated measurements of weight and height were included from national health screenings. These individuals were followed prospectively. The data were matched with the Norwegian Arthroplasty Register and 4,442 of these individuals were identified as having received a THR for primary OA. Cox proportional hazard regression was used to calculate sex-specific relative risks for having a THR according to age at screening and BMI change.

Results: Men and women aged 20 years or younger at the first screening in the quartile with the

greatest BMI change per year had more than twice the risk of later having a THR compared with those in the quartile with the smallest BMI change per year. For men older than 30 years at the first screening, there was no relationship between BMI gain, or weight gain, and later risk of THR. For older women, BMI gain was associated with risk of THR, but to a lesser degree than in younger women.

Conclusion: There was a clear relationship between change in BMI and the risk of later THR in young men and women, whereas the association was absent in older men and weaker in older women. Doramapimod manufacturer It is important to focus on weight control this website to prevent future OA, and the preventive strategy should be focused on the young population. (C) 2011 Osteoarthritis Research Society

International. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.”
“We performed a retrospective review of patients who presented with delayed dystopia as a consequence of an orbital roof defect due to fractures and nontraumatic causes to search for a correlation between orbital roof defect size and surgical indications for the treatment thereof. Retrospective analyses were performed in 7 patients, all of whom presented with delayed dystopia due to orbital roof defects, between January 2001 and June 2011. The causes of orbital roof defects were displaced orbital roof fractures (5 cases), tumor (1 case), and congenital sphenoid dysplasia (1 case). All 7 patients had initially been treated conservatively and later presented with significant dystopia. The sizes of the defects were calculated on computed tomographic scans. Among the 7 patients, aspiration of cerebrospinal fluid, which caused ocular symptoms, in 1 patient with minimal displaced orbital roof and reconstruction with calvarial bone, titanium micromesh, or Medpor in 6 other patients were performed. The minimal size of the orbital roof in patients who underwent orbital roof reconstruction was 1.2 cm (defect height) x 1.0 cm (defect length), 0.94 cm(2).