0 nylon suture. The survival of animals subjected to lethal sepsis was evaluated after cecal ligation and puncture induction. Six hours after the induction of sepsis, neutrophil migration, the number of bacteria, TNF-alpha, MCP-1, IL-6, and IL-10 were performed in the peritoneal lavage.

Results: Prophylactic treatment with P. acnes-killed increased the survival of the animals, followed by a significant decrease in the TNF-alpha, IL-10, and MCP-1 levels, 6 h after cecal ligation and puncture. Furthermore, P. acnes-killed administration reduced the number of bacteria in the

peritoneal cavity with increased migration of leukocytes, especially neutrophils.

Conclusion: P. acnes-killed promoted increased survival rate of animals with sepsis, in part attributed to its immunomodulatory properties against pathogenic microorganisms, as well as better control of infection by reducing bacterial counts. (C) 2013 Elsevier AZD8186 Editora Ltda. All rights reserved.”
“Over the past several years, the epidemiological profile of dengue has been changing

progressively and is currently characterized by an increase in the click here number of cases in children under 15 years of age. This study was aimed at comparing the clinical and laboratory features between adults and children with dengue; therefore, we performed a cross-sectional analysis of 5686 individuals with laboratory-confirmed dengue who sought treatment at a healthcare facility in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil from 2010 to 2011. A multivariate analysis indicated that myalgia (OR=2.58; CI 95% = 2.08-3.18), retro-orbital pain (OR=1.36; CI 95% = 1.15-1.62), nausea (OR=1.92; CI 95% = 1.60-2.30), and arthralgia (OR=3.64; CI 95% = 2.72-4.89) were the most frequent clinical symptoms in adults, whereas vomiting (OR=0.52; CI 95% = 0.43-0.61) and skin rash (OR=0.46; CI 95%=0.25-0.85) were the most prevalent symptoms in children. Adults exhibited a higher hemoconcentration (OR = 3.04; CI 95% = 2.53-3.65), thrombocytopenia (OR=2.17; CI 95% = 1.80-2.60), increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate (OR=1.81;

CI 95% = 1.53-2.14), and increased ALT (OR=3.13; CI 95%:= 2.44-4.02) than did children. In addition, adults exhibited a higher frequency of the severe forms of the disease (OR=1.74; CI 95% = 1.12-2.72) and hospitalization (OR=2.21; Cl 95%=1.59-3.06) relative to children. Based selleck ATM 抑制剂 on these results, this study demonstrated significant differences in the clinical and laboratory presentations and disease severity between adults and children affected by dengue. (C) 2013 Elsevier Editora Ltda. All rights reserved.”
“The antimalarials chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine have been used for the treatment of inflammatory diseases for more than 60 years. Even today new indications evolve due to the complex mode of action of these compounds. Due to the fear of side effects, especially irreversible retinopathy, their use is often limited. These side-effects, however, are a consequence of excessive daily dosages.