The discriminatory power was calculated based on the consideration of an isolate per particular spoligotype in the study using the above formula derived from elementary probability theory. Acknowledgements The authors express their sincere gratitude for financial

support from the Norwegian Programme for Development, Research and Education (NUFU). The technical support by School of Veterinary Medicine, Microbiology Laboratories, Chest Diseases Laboratories (CDL), under the Center for Disease Control (CDC), Lusaka Zambia and the Institute of Tropical Medicine MI-503 order (ITM), Antwerp, Belgium are all highly appreciated. Special thanks to Dr. Charles Maseka (Provincial Veterinary Officer, Southern Province) H. M. Chimana (UNZA) and Charles Sikende the field Veterinary Assistant.

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